SURVEY 1

1.2 Objectives:

• Understand the significance of surveying in planning, designing, and construction of civil engineering projects.

• Explain how surveying ensures the accurate measurement of land areas, elevations, and positions to guide the construction process.

• Identify how surveying data is used to create accurate maps, which form the foundation of any civil engineering project.

• Appreciate the role of surveying in ensuring safety, legal boundaries, and project cost control.

• Understand various types of surveys (e.g., topographic, boundary, and construction surveys) and their application in civil engineering.

  1.2 Objectives:

  • Identify the fundamental surveying instruments used in civil engineering.

  • Explain the function and use of each instrument in the surveying process.

  • Understand the importance of accuracy and precision in using these instruments.

  • Compare traditional and modern surveying instruments and their respective advantages.